Though the Catholic Church had censured Copernicanism in 1616, Galileo’s friend Maffeo Barberini was elected Pope in 1623, and Galileo decided it was safe to write a book comparing the Ptolemaic and Copernican cosmologies. In 1611 he was celebrated in Rome for his work, receiving a favorable audience with Pope Paul V, and became friends with Cardinal Maffeo Barberini, the future Pope Urban VIII, who would honor the astronomer with a poem. He was also involved in a controversy with Galileo and his theory on heliocentrism during his reign. And, in 1612, when Galileo advocated the Copernican system, for the first time in print, in his “Letters on the Sunspots,” he received an enthusiastic letter of congratulations from Cardinal Maffeo Barberini, who shortly thereafter became Pope Urban VIII. Galileo’s friends quickly arranged to have it dedicated to the new pope. In the time that followed, however, Galileo’s relationship with some prelates became strained due to his insistent promotion of heliocentrism as factual. In 1623, a friend of Galileo, Cardinal Maffeo Barberini, was elected as Pope Urban VIII. Maffeo Barberini, when he was a cardinal, had defended Galileo when, in Florence, litigation had arisen over the various hypotheses of floating phenomena. Therefore, when he was elected Pope, Galileo was led to hope for a benevolent attitude of the new pontiff towards his person and his studies as well as towards modern science. Galileo won the admiration of Cardinal Robert Bellarmine and became good friends with Cardinal Maffeo Barberini (the future Pope Urban VIII). Not even Cardinal Maffeo Barberini could convince the pope otherwise. Science, mathematics, and philosophy. Maffeo was born to the esteemed Florentine Barberini family in 1568. His father, Antonio (who died when Barberini was only three), and mother, Camilla Barbadoro, were both of the nobility. 11 Once again, the church shut down ideas contrary to theirs. Galileo would no longer be stirring up trouble, as on February 19, 1616, Copernicus’ De revolutionibus would be banned, and Galileo would secretly be ordered to stop teaching and defending Copernicus in anyway. Galileo had overthrown contemporary astronomy and, while being carved up by fellow scientists, became a controversial celebrity. Publication of Il saggiatore came at an auspicious moment, for Maffeo Cardinal Barberini (1568–1644), a friend, admirer, and patron of Galileo for a decade, was named Pope Urban VIII as the book was going to press. Encouraged by his friend’s election, Galileo felt free to publish his famous “Dialogue on the Two Great World Systems,” a … In 1616, Galileo Galilei was urged by his supporters to stop promulgating Copernican ideas, when the Catholic church: Pope. There the matter rested until 1623 when Galileo’s longtime friend and protector, Cardinal Maffeo Barberini, was elected pope and took the name Urban VIII. For many years Galileo had a close friendship with cardinal Maffeo Barberini who had even sent Galileo a latin ode composed by the cardinal in praise of Galileo’s telescopic discoveries. Galileo hoped for support from his friend Maffeo Barberini, who became: promoted Copernican ideas and had insulted his old patron, Cardinal Barberini, who … Cardinal Maffeo Barberini had taken the name Urban VIII in 1623 at age 55. In 1616 Galileo may have been silenced on Copernicanism.In 1623 his supporter and friend, Cardinal Maffeo Barberini, a former patron of the Accademia dei Lincei and uncle of future Cardinal Francesco Barberini, became Pope Urban VIII.The election of Barberini seemed to assure Galileo of support at the highest level in the Church. 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